This website is for a course at Yale University focusing on the fundamental concepts of operating systems. It provides lecture slides, assignments, and reading materials that cover everything from process management to file systems. This link is interesting because it offers a comprehensive educational resource from a prestigious institution, making the difficult concepts of operating systems more accessible.
Geeks for Geeks provides a wide array of articles and tutorials on operating systems covering topics like process scheduling, memory management, and disk algorithms. This resource is beneficial because it breaks down complex OS concepts into digestible articles that are easy to understand and are accompanied by diagrams and examples.
Tutorialspoint offers a structured tutorial on operating systems that includes chapters on the basics of OS, types of operating systems, process management, and more. This site is excellent for beginners because it starts with basic concepts and progressively delves into more complex topics, complete with examples and quick guides.
This is UC Berkeley’s official page for their operating systems course, which includes lecture materials, projects, and exams. It focuses on the software systems and tools that provide the foundation for modern computing. The practical projects make this link valuable for hands-on experience in system programming.
OSDev.org is a treasure trove of resources for those interested in developing their own operating systems. It includes tutorials, forums, and detailed documentation on hardware and software interfaces. This site is intriguing for its community-driven approach, providing a unique platform for novice and experienced OS developers.
Carnegie Mellon’s course “15-213/18-213: Introduction to Computer Systems” is esteemed for its comprehensive and practical approach to computer systems, including a strong emphasis on operating systems. This course offers lecture notes, lab assignments, and extensive reading materials that explore system-level programming, virtual memory, concurrency, and networking. It’s an excellent resource for students seeking to understand the complex interplay between hardware and software in modern computing systems.
This video offers a comprehensive explanation of various file systems that are widely used in storage devices. It covers:
The video explains why ext4 is often chosen for Linux systems, emphasizing its advantages over other file systems when it comes to Linux environments.
This video provides an introduction to how operating systems handle Input/Output (I/O) operations. It covers:
This video provides a comprehensive explanation of various file systems widely used in storage devices. It discusses NTFS (commonly used by Windows operating systems), exFAT (optimized for flash drives and external devices), FAT12, FAT16, FAT32 (early file systems used in older systems and removable storage), ext1 to ext4 (with ext4 highlighted as the preferred format for Linux devices due to its performance, stability, and feature set), HFS+ (developed by Apple), and APFS (Apple’s modern file system known for its speed and efficiency). The video elucidates why ext4 is favored for Linux systems, emphasizing its advantages over other file systems in Linux environments.
This video offers an introduction to how operating systems handle Input/Output (I/O) operations, a crucial aspect for system stability and performance. It details the role of the operating system in managing communication between hardware and software, ensuring efficient data transfer between devices and programs. It also covers key mechanisms that enable the operating system to manage various I/O processes smoothly, contributing significantly to overall system responsiveness and reliability.
This online resource is a digital copy of “The Linux Programming Interface” by Michael Kerrisk, which provides an in-depth look at the low-level programming interface for Linux. It is an essential guide for programmers who wish to harness the full potential of Linux. The book covers a broad spectrum of Linux system programming, including file I/O, process management, scheduling, and threading, making it an invaluable resource for understanding the intricate operations of Linux at a system level.
This playlist delves into the concept of virtual memory in Linux, explaining the mechanisms behind page tables, address translation, and the role of the Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB). It provides an in-depth look at how Linux manages memory and how virtual addresses are mapped to physical addresses, making it a great resource for understanding the memory management system in Linux.
This video introduces the critical topic of process synchronization, discussing cooperating processes and the shared memory system. It explains how race conditions can occur in concurrent processes and highlights the methods used to prevent these conditions. By the end of the video, viewers will have a clearer understanding of process synchronization techniques, including mutual exclusion and semaphores, which are vital for ensuring the correct execution of concurrent processes in an operating system.
This Geek for Geeks article dives deep into memory management in operating systems, covering essential topics such as main memory, the necessity of memory management, logical vs. physical address space, and the concepts of static and dynamic loading and linking. It also explores mechanisms like swapping and contiguous memory allocation. This resource is invaluable for students and professionals aiming to understand the intricacies of how operating systems manage the crucial resource of memory to optimize both program performance and system efficiency.
This YouTube playlist provides a comprehensive tutorial on paging and page replacement algorithms, which are pivotal in memory management within operating systems. The videos cover the fundamentals of paging, the occurrence of page faults, and detailed explanations of various page replacement algorithms. This series is an excellent practical resource for those who prefer visual and auditory learning methods, helping viewers understand how operating systems ensure efficient memory use and minimize page faults.
Geek for Geeks offers a detailed exploration of page replacement algorithms in operating systems through this article. It explains the importance of these algorithms in the context of paging to manage memory more efficiently. The discussion includes several specific algorithms, such as FIFO (First-In, First-Out), LRU (Least Recently Used), and Optimal Page Replacement, providing scenarios and examples to illustrate how each algorithm operates and impacts system performance. This article is ideal for those who prefer a text-based approach to learning complex technical concepts.
This article on freeCodeCamp provides a comprehensive overview of file systems, explaining their role within operating systems and detailing different types, such as FAT32, NTFS, ext4, and APFS. It covers concepts like file system architecture, file allocation tables, metadata storage, and how operating systems organize data on storage devices. The article also explains the concept of mounting a file system, which allows the OS to access and manage files on different storage devices. This resource is excellent for understanding how different file systems handle data storage and retrieval, as well as the advantages and limitations of each type.
This Geeks for Geeks article explores the three primary file allocation methods in computer storage systems:
Contiguous Allocation: This method allocates consecutive blocks to a file, which allows fast access since the file can be read sequentially without seeking. However, it can lead to fragmentation and is less flexible for dynamic file sizes.
Linked Allocation: In this method, files are stored in blocks linked together through pointers. This avoids fragmentation but can result in slower access times due to the need to follow pointers from block to block.
Indexed Allocation: Indexed allocation maintains an index block containing pointers to all the blocks used by the file, allowing direct access to any block. This approach combines the benefits of the other two methods, providing both speed and flexibility, though it requires additional storage for the index.
This article includes examples and diagrams to illustrate how each allocation method manages space and handles read/write operations, making it ideal for students and professionals interested in storage management within OSes.
This video provides an in-depth guide to the Linux filesystem hierarchy, explaining the purpose of each top-level directory within the Linux file structure. The video covers common directories such as:
/usr/bin for binaries and /usr/share for shared data.By explaining the function of each directory, this video provides a roadmap for navigating and understanding the structure of Linux-based systems, making it a valuable resource for new Linux users and administrators looking to deepen their knowledge of the filesystem layout.
This comprehensive article dives into the key concepts of processes within an operating system. The topics covered include:
This resource provides an essential understanding of how operating systems manage processes, which is crucial for system programming and OS development.
This YouTube video provides a practical introduction to the fork() system call in C, which is fundamental for process creation in Unix-based systems. Key points include:
fork()?: Explains that fork() creates a new child process that runs concurrently with the parent process, duplicating the parent’s process space.fork() to differentiate between the parent process (returns the child’s PID) and the child process (returns 0).fork() failure, where it returns -1 if resources are insufficient.fork() usage and behavior, addressing challenges like race conditions and zombie processes.The video’s playlist further explores related functions:
wait() Function: Helps the parent process wait for child process termination to avoid zombie processes.exec() Family of Functions: Replaces the current process image with a new program.This video is an invaluable resource for developers looking to understand process management and concurrent programming in C.
This article provides a detailed introduction to CPU scheduling in operating systems, emphasizing its role in optimizing system performance. It explains the concept of process scheduling, which is critical for ensuring that the CPU executes tasks efficiently. The article also explores the need for CPU scheduling algorithms and their objectives, such as minimizing waiting time, maximizing CPU utilization, and achieving fairness among processes. The scheduling algorithms discussed include:
Each algorithm is explained with examples and scenarios to help readers understand their practical applications and limitations.
Linux From Scratch (LFS) 12.0 is a comprehensive guide that walks you through building a custom Linux distribution from the ground up. The book provides step-by-step instructions on compiling and installing critical components, such as:
By following this guide, you will gain:
This resource is ideal for learners seeking to deepen their understanding of Linux, system administration, and operating system design.
This YouTube playlist by Kernotex complements the Linux From Scratch (LFS) book, providing a hands-on video tutorial for building your own Linux distribution. Key features of the playlist include:
The playlist is particularly helpful for beginners who find the LFS book challenging, offering clear guidance and real-time demonstrations to bridge the gap between theory and practice.